INSTITUTIONAL FORMS OF ENSURING ETHICAL STANDARDS IN COMBAT ZONES: UKRAINIAN REALITIES

Abstract

Summary. The research aim is to analyze the existing institutional forms of moral and ethical standards in active hostility areas, in particular in Ukraine, to identify a range of problems that arise when implementing these institutional forms of moral and ethical requirements and standards in social and military practices of modern Ukraine. Based on interdisciplinary and concretehistorical approaches, the present research paper analyzes the institutional forms of ensuring ethical standards in active hostility areas considering the foreign and domestic experiences. The main focus is placed on the study of relevant mechanisms and social institutions built on the territory of Ukraine since their operation is able to ensure compliance with moral and ethical standards during active hostilities on the territory of our country. The methods of philosophical reflection, analysis, synthesis, document analysis, monitoring, and observation are used in the current research. The context of this study is the realities of active hostilities in modern Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The scientific originality of the paper rests on the results obtained in the course of the study: 1) Existing mechanisms and social institutions in Ukraine are determined, including the purpose of their operation that is to ensure moral and ethical standards and principles in active hostility areas. 2) A number of systemic problems related to the applied aspects of the operation of certain social institutions and mechanisms based on the analysis of Ukrainian realities, from the events of 2014 to March 2022 inclusive. 3) The leading role of the principles of humanism, which should become dominant in the combat zone, is substantiated. 4) Monitoring of the present reality reveals deformations in various social and military practices related to the Code of global ethics, i.e. humanist principles, which can lead to significant risks. 5) Current levels of moral, ethical and legal culture demonstrated by participants of social interaction in the area of active hostilities proved to determine the operation effectiveness for these social institutions and mechanisms. 6) The thesis concerning the existing polarization of Ukrainian society on moral and ethical grounds is substantiated. The main research perspective is hunting for optimal mechanisms that will find practical implementation in various social and military practices of institutionally established moral and ethical norms and principles in active hostility areas in Ukraine. The study opens up numerous prospects for further explorations in scientifictheoretical and scientific-practical directions.