HUMAN COGNITION OF TIME IS THE BASIS OF PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE ESSENCE OF THINGS

Abstract

Summary. This article is devoted to the scientific study of the movement of social phenomena in space and time. It is emphasized that time in human perception is the phenomenon that is characterized by the peculiarity of perception as a factor determining the temporality of our stay on earth, it is the indicator of any social relations. It is proven that this is largely caused by the special position of the observer of the investigated phenomenon: a person is not outside certain actions taking place in space, but together with them, regardless of whether a specific subject is their participant or not, moves in the time dimension. Kant's theory about the imaginability of time and the fact that the passage of time is not a real process, but an illusion of the human mind, has been studied. Separate factors of other scientific theories characterizing space and time as objective phenomena are also analyzed. It was determined that time is a property of existence itself, its ontological attribute, if an object moves in space, then it certainly also moves in time. It is emphasized that through the definition of the essence of such categories as space and time, knowledge of the world takes place. Space is a form within which the interaction of specific material phenomena takes place. Whereas time is the content of similar interrelationships of the specified objects. It was noted that the study of temporal properties historically took place within the framework of ideas about time as an absolute, homogeneous phenomenon that has different parameters at all points in space. Time is uneven, multidirectional, multidimensional and depends on the properties of the accounting system and the movement of matter. The teaching about time as a sequence and change of states of an object is evaluated. The past no longer exists, and what constituted its essence, had historical significance, is part of the present. It is precisely in such a hypostasis that the past exists in the present. The theoretical relationship of three temporal superpositions: past, present, and future has been studied. It is emphasized that the present and the future are produced by the modern period. In this context, a model of the modern temporal representation is provided, as not just an abstraction, but a period. has objective foundations in the discrete nature of the material world.