VARIOUS SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THE STUDY OF TIME AS AN OBJECTIVE REALITY THAT MEDIATES THE MOVEMENT OF MATTER

Abstract

Summary. This article is devoted to the topical issue of studying the temporal motion of matter as an ongoing process of moving objective phenomena from past to future. It is extremely important because in socio-economic terms it symbolizes the social rule that the process of development of society is directly proportional to the value of time as an important factor in the effectiveness of progress. Thus, the author's goal was to find out the temporal manifestations of existence, how they are perceived by a particular person, which methods of cognition of temporal motion in world doctrine are most acceptable and what is the meaning of time, its role and manifestations in the surrounding reality. In the study of this issue used general and special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, formal-logical and comparative. Scientific novelty. Some concepts of studying time are considered and evaluated, which, having different basic foundations and based on certain evolutionary ideas about time during the development of knowledge of nature, proceeded from different principles of the nature of motion as a category of time. In particular, the concept of substance uses the concept of time as a certain special kind of substance that objectively exists in nature along with space, matter, and so on. Space and time are substances independent of matter– substances. According to the opposite– relational scientific concept, time is not a certain "in itself" independent flow and not a separate independent phenomenon– substance. This is a specific physical property of the physical body and the changes that occur with it. The paper also compares the main theses of static and dynamic concepts of time, as they postulate different approaches to the fundamental question of the mutual comparison of such defining categories as time and being. Such a sign of time as its unidirectionality and irreversibility has been studied separately. Conclusions. In our understanding, the time course is always in the direction from past to future. At the same time, the passage of time from the past to the future means the flow of specific events of the material world from the future through the present to the past.